Mandated cardiac screening for 8.5 million high-school and college athletes in the U.S. would cost $51 billion to $69 billion and would save an estimated 4,800 lives over 20 years, Israeli researchers found. In addition, 3.4 million student-athletes would have to be disqualified to prevent fewer than 5,000 deaths, according to the study in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.