A herpes virus infection causes a central nervous system disease in monkeys that is similar to multiple sclerosis, and the findings could lead to development of a vaccine or therapy for MS, researchers reported in Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology. Scientists at Oregon National Primate Research Center studying Japanese macaque encephalomyelitis, a naturally occurring disease, discovered that some of the T-cell epitopes targeting myelin in monkeys are also found in people with MS.